Monday, February 21, 2011

PMV & PPD

The PMV index predicts the mean response of a larger group of people according to the ASHRAE thermal sensation scale where
+3 hot
+2 warm
+1 slightly warm
0 neutral
-1 slightly cool
-2 cool
-3 cold
The PMV index is expressed by P.O. Fanger as
PMV = (0.303 e-0.036M + 0.028) L   (1)
where
PMV = Predicted Mean Vote Index
L = thermal load - defined as the difference between the internal heat production and the heat loss to the actual environment  - for a person at comfort skin temperature and evaporative heat loss by sweating at the actual activity level

PPD - Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied Index

Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied - PPD - index is a quantitative measure of the thermal comfort of a group of people at a particular thermal environment.

http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/predicted-mean-vote-index-PMV-d_1631.html

Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD)

These indices are more complicated than the Dry Resultant Temperature.
They combine the influence of air temperature, mean radiant temperature, air movement and humidity with that of clothing and activity level into one value.

The PMV index is a method of predicting if occupants will feel comfortable in a room.
Research was carried out in various locations to find out if people felt comfortable and this is used to determine levels of comfort.

The PMV index may be defined as the mean value of the votes of a large group of persons, exposed to the same environment with identical clothing and activity.

The predicted percentage dissatisfied (PPD) as a function of predicted mean vote (PMV).

The predicted percentage dissatisfied (PPD) can be obtained from the PMV using the following equation.

PPD = 100 – 95 exp [–(0.03353 PMV 4 + 0.2179 PMV2)]

The graph below shows typical comfort zones for winter and summer.

http://www.arca53.dsl.pipex.com/index_files/thermco3.htm